What Is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a disease where abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably. It can begin in different parts of the breast, including the ducts, lobules, or tissue. While it primarily affects women, men can also develop this form of cancer.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, with early detection being key to successful treatment.
Common Symptoms to Watch For
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A new lump or thickening in the breast or underarm
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Changes in breast shape or size
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Nipple discharge or inversion
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Skin dimpling or redness on the breast
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Persistent breast pain not related to the menstrual cycle
These signs don’t always indicate cancer, but they warrant medical evaluation.
Risk Factors
1. Genetics and Family History
Having a first-degree relative with breast cancer or carrying BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations increases your risk.
2. Age and Hormonal Influence
The risk rises with age and prolonged estrogen exposure (early menstruation, late menopause).
3. Lifestyle Choices
Alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity, and lack of physical activity contribute to increased risk.
Importance of Early Detection
Early diagnosis greatly improves survival rates. Women over 40 are encouraged to undergo regular mammograms. Monthly breast self-exams and annual clinical exams are also recommended.
Read more from the American Cancer Society on screening guidelines.
How Is Breast Cancer Treated?
Treatment options vary depending on the stage and type but may include:
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Surgery (lumpectomy or mastectomy)
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Radiation therapy
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Chemotherapy
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Hormone or targeted therapy
Many patients benefit from a combination of these therapies for optimal outcomes.
Supporting Someone with Breast Cancer
Offer emotional support, help with appointments, or simply listen. Encouraging someone to stay engaged with their care plan can make a big difference.
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